Which other sectors, institutions, agencies, or municipalities do you most interact with? In your opinion, what challenges do they face in taking a more coordinated, collaborative approach to coastal ocean management?
#	Response Date	Comment
1.	Thu, 9/6/07 8:10 PM	state, federal, NGO, academic; overlap and gaps in jurisdiction and management objectives
2.	Fri, 9/7/07 11:55 AM	All sectors involved in development including local planning agencies, municipalities, land owners, developers. Biggest challenges are lack of information/education, lack of time to plan and implement new approaches to development, lack of a one-stop shop approach to regulating development.
3.	Mon, 9/10/07 2:58 PM	Federal and State/Provincial levels of government plus varied stakeholders
4.	Mon, 9/10/07 8:09 PM	State agencies; agencies have enough trouble meeting existing mandates. Whose job is it to create this new management approach? Also, death by meetings! What initiatives are important? What should be prioritized?
5.	Tue, 9/11/07 3:00 PM	Scientists, conservation groups, resource users, municiaplities, stae planning agency. The legal framework and financial support for this work is woefully inadequate. It is very difficult to get a project off the ground. There is no real leadership to transition to a new marine managemetn regime in this state.
6.	Mon, 9/17/07 3:41 PM	Other state natural resource agencies, municipalities, fishermen's groups. Challenges include lack of time, knowlege, understanding of EBM, resources to engage.
7.	Tue, 9/18/07 2:36 PM	public, UNH, NH Parks & Rec. NOAA It's hard for us to answer this because we are not practitioners (that's why did not answer #4). However my sense is that the principle limiting factor is the time required to support needed structural/agency changes. Appears to be agreement that needs to be done and there is a willingness to do it, just how to add that to their work load if no $ to support that effort.
8.	Tue, 9/18/07 4:37 PM	Academic - challenge is moving from research to public decision support in their work Coastal municipalities - challenge is seeing beyond municipal boundaries to the broader ecosystem
9.	Tue, 9/18/07 7:04 PM	State, local, and federal government, in that order. We also interact w/ universities. The challenge is that university staff like to be paid. They also are usually much more technically-inclined than government staff.
10.	Tue, 9/18/07 7:36 PM	a variety of funding agencies, other academic institutions
11.	Tue, 9/18/07 9:02 PM	State and Federal agencies
12.	Tue, 9/18/07 9:04 PM	In Maine, all coastal resources are devoted to regulatory functions, with little left over for science to support ecosystem based management. This state needs serious federal support to improve the management of its nationally significant coastline.
13.	Wed, 9/19/07 12:40 PM	We interact with NOAA (who will not give restoration funds directly to another federal agency so we try to find local partners), other federal agencies such as NRCS, state agencies, local municipalities and NGOs.
14.	Wed, 9/19/07 2:02 PM	Lack of resources, lack of knowledge, institutional fragmentation that separates ocean and coastal from land-based impacts, lack of knowledge and participation on the part of communities/the public.
15.	Wed, 9/19/07 2:42 PM	Other government agencies: Cohesive, coordinated approaches/processes to incorporate EBM into their exiasting management structures within and between agencies.
16.	Wed, 9/19/07 3:03 PM	LOCAL GOVERNMENT
17.	Wed, 9/19/07 3:36 PM	Fisheries management is not set up to incorporate information on physical characteristics that might be impacting fished populations.
18.	Thu, 9/20/07 1:13 AM	All municipalities that fall within Nova Scotia - differing mandates and concern about expectations of them. Federal government - coordinating collaboration, is difficult and lack of funds.
19.	Thu, 9/20/07 11:01 AM	Federal and provincial government departments responsible for managing aquaculture and the aquaculture industry. There are a lot of unknowns, and how do you measure when you have it right!
20.	Thu, 9/20/07 12:31 PM	Federal agencies, NGOs. Time and money.
21.	Thu, 9/20/07 3:26 PM	mostly local governments and interest groups, though some of both at the state level most serious challenge is lack of understanding of inter-relatedness of issues, understanding of second and third tier impacts and unintended consequences
22.	Fri, 9/21/07 1:19 PM	State agencies, local governments and resource centers. Strong opiions are basis for break in communication-opinios formed from lack of clear objective information about ebm
23.	Fri, 9/21/07 1:34 PM	Primary are with states,local governments, other federal agencies, NGO's, and private sector ( e.g., agriculture, energy, and fishery issues).
24.	Fri, 9/21/07 4:40 PM	provincial and federal agenices, city of Saint John, major industrial suers. Porblems relate to the fractured nature of responsibilities, and the inability to approach it from a cumulative effects focus
25.	Fri, 9/21/07 5:10 PM	I collaborate with many people in various sectors of society and countries, in the EU there is a push for giant proposals involving too many people and lack of renewal to continue developing in the initial direction, in some cases,... some depts face political resistance to developments, various difficulties depending on who you speak to...
26.	Fri, 9/21/07 5:12 PM	municipalities who approach issues from different political, socio-economic, and related angles; a need to see on-the-ground progress/successes rather than new labels, new wrapping of existing info, etc.
27.	Fri, 9/21/07 5:37 PM	We are interactiing with scientist, governemntal departements and agencies, municipilaties, NGO's... The challeng: cope with coastal erosion under current and a changing climate context
28.	Fri, 9/21/07 6:05 PM	MA Division of Marine Fisheries faces challenges of being responsible for promoting fisheries which at times does not incorporate concepts of ecosystem.
29.	Fri, 9/21/07 6:34 PM	Interact at national and state level; with universities and colleges; with regional organizations such as New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission
30.	Fri, 9/21/07 6:38 PM	Local government and NGOs
31.	Fri, 9/21/07 6:48 PM	University researchers, state govt. environmental management agencies (CZM and envir. pollution & F&W). Greatest challenge for them (state of RI) : multiple problems - all severe - #1 funds - state agencies have been receiving budget cuts annually of ~ 5-10% w/ no clear indication this will change - no one pressuring politicians or highlighting this + many social programs receiving similar cuts and so headlines on people before environmental issues -Related- EBM would be new so not a "decrease in effort" from decision-makers / state legislator / gov, etc. #2 - not been done and present funds do not have specific goal of accomplishing this + fed funds a very significant source - most within agencies used to doing specific functions / tasks with their funds (same for many many many years-e.g., F&W trawls w/ no analysis or TMDLs for fecal coliform) and have little interest in changing/ dealing w/ retraining etc. #3 - no one is collecting the data that would be required - decent benthic fish trawl data - little data on plankton or pelagic fish and most from very limited areas down-bay, not near the major problems / pollution sources (e.g., for eutrophication issues) - 2004 RI state law requires development of "systems level plan" that will have aspects of EBM, but also strongly focuses on economic growth / stability within marine aspects + help shoreline human demands such as dock growth / marina slip increases etc. with pro-development goal that may actually increase environmental stress impacts in a legal way. A number of administrators/politicians hear that EBM includes human needs within its ecosystem context and focus on this - they assume this means there will be a shift from primarily environmental protection focus to "humans first" focus. This approach will cause even more problems than present protection attempts because it may try to embed a "human needs" priority over management decisions. I see this as the "great red herring of environmental protection" danger for EBM within the present structure - it must require some minimal ecosystem parameter measurements at an adequate temporal and spatial scale, and require
32.	Fri, 9/21/07 7:34 PM	Biggest problem is coordination and communication between those desiring to implement, then other problems are not having simple procedures in place to follow, sufficient knowlege of action-reaction between stress-response in the environment and between human activities and environmental response, and little understanding of how people value ecosystem services.
33.	Fri, 9/21/07 7:39 PM	Maine DMR is the prime mover in this project. It is backed up by the Joint Standing Committee on Marine Resources of the Maine Legislature. Three towns are on the committee of advisors, along with a biologist, conservationist, worm digger, mussel dragger, lobsterman, seaweed harvester, and residents of 3 local towns. We have just begun meeting together, so are setting ground rules in place, The group is facilitated by UM Extension educators.
34.	Fri, 9/21/07 8:15 PM	real estate developers, commercial fishing interests, coastal land trusts. Lack of interest or conflicts of interest in actually doing ecosystem based planning and management
35.	Fri, 9/21/07 8:44 PM	provincial & federal gov't universities community groups municipalities individuals (property owners) challenges - in all case financial support, education, regulatory & legislative deficiencies, hurtles & road blocks, inconsistent application of existing regulations & legislation.
36.	Fri, 9/21/07 11:16 PM	NOAA Fisheries; MA CZM; EPA; U.S. Coast Guard; MEP; towns bordering Cape Cod Bay. ** Just getting everyone coordinated, on the same page, and in the same mindset. Remember, though, we are not resource managers.
37.	Sun, 9/23/07 2:59 AM	NEFMC, NMFS, NOAA Fisheries, NCCOS---turf issues, control issues--lack of ability to ask the right questions--what are we managing and why?
38.	Mon, 9/24/07 12:28 PM	NGO's, federal and provincial agencies and university the challenge is to identify what is the specific outcome you want from the EBM (i.e. resource mangaemnt, sustainable evnironment, marine resource use) and gathering the information and applying it to the manage,ent objectives
39.	Tue, 9/25/07 3:18 PM	Government agencies and programs are restrained by legilative and regulatory authority. All will also say they are restrained by funding--this is not true, they simply need to move funding. They problem with government agencies is that people have no incentive to move toward EBM approach. They are happy with status quo, or making slight changes. EBM, to truly be effective needs to come as directive from top and bottom--stakeholders need to want to have it, and government agencies and legislators need to make it legally possible.
40.	Tue, 9/25/07 5:10 PM	U.S. NGOs, state and federal agencies in the U.S. Gulf of Maine, legislators and other elected officials. Challenges to NGOs are to work together on common EBM agendas in complementary ways instead of isolated and/or competitive ways. Agencies seem hamstrung by lack of resources, turf protection issues, bureacracy generally and lack of political leadership. Elected leaders and decision makers do not hear from enough constituent members and hence don't have the political courage to be more forthwright in supporting a different approach to management.
41.	Tue, 9/25/07 5:43 PM	academic & research scientists -- not always interested in engaging in management discussions
42.	Tue, 9/25/07 6:46 PM	and state management agencies - they have the mandate to do EBM but not the resources
43.	Tue, 9/25/07 6:52 PM	NOAA, state CZM programs, NERRs, Time and money for collaboration (between states and especially US-Canada). Time and money for data management and analysis to support decisionmaking
44.	Thu, 9/27/07 1:02 PM	New England Fishery Management Council, Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, Gulf of Maine Council, Mass. Marine Fisheries Institute. The biggest challenges continue to be no agreement as to the definition of EBM,inadequate data on which to construct EBM strategies/measures, indequate monitoring mechanisms to determine success of EBM once implmented in whatever form, and federal law, e.g., Magnuson Act, that will prevent innovative, effective EBM.
45.	Thu, 9/27/07 6:46 PM	Through implementation of the Coastal Management Framework, the Government of Nova Scotia will need to collaborate with a broad range juridictions and stakeholders. A key challenge will involve collaborating with other stakeholders to increase the capacity of the Government of Nova Scotia.
46.	Wed, 10/3/07 6:16 PM	Industry, natural resource users, educational institutions Major challenge- having the expertise and the funds required